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Brugmansia insignis (angel’s trumpet); confocal image

Stomata open and close pores on the surface of leaves and stems to allow plants to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis. The apertures are surrounded by bean-shaped parenchymatic cells (guard cells), which, through astonishingly complex signalling networks, control the size of the openings in order to regulate the gaseous exchange and control transpiration.




Brugmansia insignis (angel’s trumpet); confocal image

Environmental stimuli that influence this process include relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity, and temperature.
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